CBSE Class 10 Notes Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries:
Introduction:
- Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials or components into finished goods that can be sold in the market.
- Manufacturing industries are important for the economic growth of a country as they create employment opportunities and contribute to the GDP.
Types of Manufacturing Industries:
- Cottage Industries: Small-scale industries where the production is done in homes or small workshops. E.g. Handloom, handicrafts, etc.
- Small-scale Industries: Industries that employ fewer than 50 workers and use less capital. E.g. Toys, utensils, etc.
- Large-scale Industries: Industries that employ a large number of workers and require a huge capital investment. E.g. Iron and steel, textile, etc.
Factors Affecting the Location of Industries:
- Availability of raw materials
- Availability of power and water
- Labour supply
- Market demand
- Capital investment
- Transport facilities
- Government policies
Classification of Industries:
- Agro-based industries: Industries that use agricultural products as raw materials. E.g. Sugar, cotton textile, etc.
- Mineral-based industries: Industries that use minerals as raw materials. E.g. Iron and steel, cement, etc.
- Chemical-based industries: Industries that use chemicals as raw materials. E.g. Fertilizers, petrochemicals, etc.
Industrial Pollution and Control Measures:
- Industrial pollution is the release of harmful substances into the environment due to industrial activities.
- Control measures include laws and regulations to control pollution, use of pollution control equipment, and adoption of cleaner technologies.
Industrial Regions of India:
- India has several industrial regions that are important for the country’s economy. Some of them are:
- Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region
- Hugli Industrial Region
- Bangalore-Tamil Nadu Industrial Region
- Gujarat Industrial Region
- Chotanagpur Industrial Region
Conclusion:
- Manufacturing industries are essential for the economic growth of a country.
- The location of industries is determined by several factors.
- Pollution control measures are important to minimize the impact of industrial activities on the environment.
CBSE Class 10 Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries
- What is the importance of manufacturing industries for a country’s economy?
- Define cottage industries and provide an example.
- What are the factors affecting the location of industries?
- Classify the industries based on their raw materials.
- Define industrial pollution and state the measures taken to control it.
- List some important industrial regions of India.
- What is the difference between small-scale and large-scale industries?
- Explain the importance of transport facilities in the location of industries.
- Give an example of a chemical-based industry.
- What is the role of government policies in the development of industries?
CBSE Class 10 Important Questions Answers Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries
What is the importance of manufacturing industries for a country’s economy?
Answer: Manufacturing industries play a significant role in the economic growth of a country. They create job opportunities, generate revenue, and contribute to the GDP of the country. They also lead to the development of other industries such as transportation, communication, and marketing.
Define cottage industries and provide an example.
Answer: Cottage industries are small-scale industries that operate from homes or small workshops. They usually involve traditional methods of production and require low capital investment. An example of a cottage industry is handloom weaving.
What are the factors affecting the location of industries?
Answer: The location of industries is affected by several factors such as availability of raw materials, availability of power and water, labour supply, market demand, capital investment, transport facilities, and government policies.
Classify the industries based on their raw materials.
Answer: Industries can be classified into three categories based on their raw materials. They are:
Agro-based industries that use agricultural products as raw materials.
Mineral-based industries that use minerals as raw materials.
Chemical-based industries that use chemicals as raw materials.
Define industrial pollution and state the measures taken to control it.
Answer: Industrial pollution refers to the release of harmful substances into the environment due to industrial activities. To control industrial pollution, laws and regulations have been put in place, and industries are required to adopt pollution control equipment and cleaner technologies.
List some important industrial regions of India.
Answer: Some important industrial regions of India are:
Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region
Hugli Industrial Region
Bangalore-Tamil Nadu Industrial Region
Gujarat Industrial Region
Chotanagpur Industrial Region
What is the difference between small-scale and large-scale industries?
Answer: Small-scale industries are industries that employ fewer than 50 workers and use less capital. They usually produce goods on a small scale. Large-scale industries, on the other hand, employ a large number of workers and require a huge capital investment. They usually produce goods on a large scale.
Explain the importance of transport facilities in the location of industries.
Answer: Transport facilities play an important role in the location of industries. Industries require efficient and cost-effective transport facilities for the movement of raw materials and finished goods. Good transport facilities also ensure timely delivery of goods to the market.
Give an example of a chemical-based industry.
Answer: An example of a chemical-based industry is the fertilizer industry. Fertilizer manufacturing involves the use of chemicals as raw materials.
What is the role of government policies in the development of industries?
Answer: Government policies play an important role in the development of industries. The government provides incentives, subsidies, and infrastructure to encourage the growth of industries. It also formulates laws and regulations to ensure the proper functioning of industries and to protect the environment.
CBSE Class 10 Important Questions Answers MCQs Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries
Which type of industry employs a large number of workers and requires a huge capital investment?
a) Small-scale industry
b) Large-scale industry
c) Cottage industry
d) Agro-based industry
Answer: b) Large-scale industry
What is the term used for small-scale industries that operate from homes or small workshops?
a) Agro-based industries
b) Mineral-based industries
c) Cottage industries
d) Chemical-based industries
Answer: c) Cottage industries
Which of the following is not a factor affecting the location of industries?
a) Availability of raw materials
b) Market demand
c) Climate
d) Government policies
Answer: c) Climate
Which type of industry uses chemicals as raw materials?
a) Agro-based industry
b) Mineral-based industry
c) Cottage industry
d) Chemical-based industry
Answer: d) Chemical-based industry
Which industrial region is located in Maharashtra and includes the cities of Mumbai and Pune?
a) Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region
b) Hugli Industrial Region
c) Gujarat Industrial Region
d) Chotanagpur Industrial Region
Answer: a) Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region
What is the main purpose of pollution control equipment in industries?
a) To increase production
b) To reduce pollution
c) To reduce labour costs
d) To increase profits
Answer: b) To reduce pollution
Which type of industry uses minerals as raw materials?
a) Agro-based industry
b) Mineral-based industry
c) Cottage industry
d) Chemical-based industry
Answer: b) Mineral-based industry
Which of the following is not a measure taken to control industrial pollution?
a) Adoption of cleaner technologies
b) Use of pollution control equipment
c) Laws and regulations
d) Encouraging industrial growth without any restrictions
Answer: d) Encouraging industrial growth without any restrictions
Which type of industry uses agricultural products as raw materials?
a) Agro-based industry
b) Mineral-based industry
c) Cottage industry
d) Chemical-based industry
Answer: a) Agro-based industry
Which of the following plays an important role in the location of industries?
a) Availability of power and water
b) Government policies
c) Climate
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Availability of power and water
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries
Question-1
What is manufacturing?
Solution:
Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing.
Question-2
Name any three physical factors that affect the location of the industry.
Solution:
The three factors are
a. Availability of raw materials.
b. Power resources
c. Favourable climate.
Question-3
three human inputs that control the location of industries.
Solution:
Human inputs that control the location of industries are:
- Labour
- Market and
- Transport facilities.
Question-4
Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement?
Solution:
Limestone, silica, alumina, and gypsum are important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement.
Question-5
How do industries pollute the environment?
Solution:
Industries have increased pollution and degraded the environment. Industries create four types of pollution mainly air, water, land and noise. The smoke emitted by the industry pollutes the air and water immensely. Air pollution is caused by the presence of a higher proportion of undesirable gases such as carbon monoxide and sulphur oxide.
Source of water pollution are numerous. Most important is the industrial effluent that discharges into rivers. They are both organic and inorganic. They pollute the water. Unwanted loud noise is also pollution. It arises from industries and the different means of transport. Noise causes impairment to hear.
Question-6
Discuss the steps to be taken to minimize environmental degradation by industry?
Solution:
Minimizing the use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it, is done in two or more successive stages.
- Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements.
- Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them into rivers and ponds.
Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases:
- Primary treatment by mechanical means.
This involves screening, grinding, flocculation, and sedimentation. - Secondary treatment by biological process.
- Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical, and physical processes. This involves the recycling of wastewater.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which one of the following cities has emerged as the ‘electronic capital’ of India? [All India 2012]
(a) Delhi
(b) Kolkata
(c) Bengaluru
(d) Hyderabad
2. On what basis is the industrial sector classified into public and private sectors? [All India 2012]
(a) Employment conditions
(b) The nature of economic activity
(c) Ownership of enterprises
(d) Number of workers employed in the enterprise
3. Which one of the following factors plays the most important role in the location of an industry in a particular region? [Delhi 2012]
(a) Raw material
(b) Market
(c) Least production cost
(d) Transport
4. Which one of the following industries generates the largest amount of employment? [Foreign 2012]
(a) Cotton Industry
(b) Jute Industry
(c) Silk Industry
(d) Textile Industry
5. Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants? [CBSE (CCE) 2012]
(a) HAIL
(b) SAIL
(c) TATA steel
(d) MNCC
6. Which one of the following industries is the largest contributor of Gross Domestics Production (GDP) in India? [CBSE (CCE) 2012]
(a) Rubber
(b) Jute
(c) Sugar
(d) Textile
7. TISCO is: [CBSE (CCE) 2012]
(a) Joint Sector Industry
(b) Private Sector Industry
(c) Co – operative Sector Industry
(d) Public Sector Industry
8. Which one of the following countries is giving stiff competition to India with regard to jute industry? [Delhi 2011]
(a) Brazil
(b) Bangladesh
(c) Philippines
(d) Thailand
9. Which one of the following has been the major source of foreign exchange for IT industry? [AI 2011]
(a) BHEL
(b) SAIL
(c) BPO
(d) OIL
10. Which one of the following public sector plants is located in Chhattisgarh? [Foreign 2011]
(a) Bokaro Steel Plant
(b) Bhilai Steel Plant
(c) Durgapur Steel Plant
(d) Rourkela Steel Plant
11. Which one of the following industries uses limestone as a raw material?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Chemical
(d) Fertiliser
12. Which one of the following agencies, markets steel for the public sector plants?
(a) HAIL
(b) SAIL
(c) TATA Steel
(d) MNCC
13. Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material ?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Jute
(d) Steel
14. Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc. ?
(a) Steel
(b) Aluminium
(c) Electronic
(d) Information Technology
Additional Questions
15. The first textile mill was established in
(a) Kolkata
(b) Chennai
(c) Mumbai
(d) Coimbatore
16. Software technology park in Kerala
(a) Kochi
(b) Thiruvananthapuram
(c) Coimbatore
(d) Alleppy
17. Leading centre of woollen textile industry in Punjab
(a) Kanpur
(b) Ludhiana
(c) Murshidabad
(d) Panipat
18. Which of the following sectors does manufacturing belong to?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Secondary sector
(c) Tertiary Sector
(d) All the above
19. Which of the following industries is not a heavy industry?
(a) Cotton textile
(b) Cement
(c) Iron and Steel
(d) Ship building
20. To which category Iron and Steel industry belong to?
(a) Small scale
(b) Large scale
(c) Cooperative sector
(d) Agro based
21. The first cement plant was set up at
(a) Mumbai
(b) Delhi
(c) Chennai
(d) Kolkata
22. Which city is known as electronic capital of India ?
(a) Hyderabad
(b) Kolkata
(c) Mumbai
(d) Bengaluru
23. The Software Technology Park in Rajasthan is located at
(a) Jodhpur
(b) Jaipur
(c) Udaipur
(d) Bikaner
24. Which city is known as the Manchester of India ?
(a) Chennai
(b) Kolkata
(c) Delhi
(d)Mumbai
25. The first Jute mill was set up in ……………
(a) Kolkata
(b) Bengaluru
(c) Hyderabad
(d) Mumbai
26. India exports yarn to which of the following countries ?
(a) China
(b) Japan
(c) UK
(d) Singapore
27. Which position does India hold in terms of exporter of Jute goods ?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Fourth
(d) Seventh
28. To which one of the following countries does India export jute goods ?
(a) Japan
(b) China
(c) USA
(d) France
29. Which position does India hold in terms of Sugar production ?
(a) First
(b) Fifth
(c) Second
(d) Third
30. Most of the sugar industries are ideally suited to
(a) Private sector
(b) Joint sector
(c) Cooperative sector
(d) Public sector
31. The first Iron and Steel company was set up at …………
(a) Tarapur
(b) Durgapur
(c) Jamshedpur
(d) Bhadravati
32. The shore based Iron and Steel plant of India is at ……………
(a) Vishakhapatnam
(b) Salem
(c) Bhadravati
(d) Durgapur
33. Which of the two steel plants are in collaboration with Russia?
(a) Bhadravati and Salem
(b) Bhilai and Bokaro
(c) Bokaro and Jamshedpur
(d) Burnpur and Durgapur
34. Which country is the largest producer of Iron and Steel in the world ?
(a) India
(b) China
(c) USA
(d) UK
35. Which is the second most important metallurgical industry in India ?
(a) Iron and Steel
(b) Copper smelting
(c) Aluminium smelting
(d) Cement
36. Which position does India hold in the world in terms of chemical industry ?
(a) Tenth
(b) Third
(c) Twelfth
(d) Second
37. India in the third largest producer of:
(a) Phosphate
(b) Potash
(c) Ammonium Phosphate
(d) Nitrogenous fertilizer
38. To which countries does India export cement ?
(a) America
(b) Europe
(c) Middle East
(d) East Asia
39. Which of the following states have more than one Software Technology Park ?
(a) Tamil Nadu and Kerala
(b) Karnataka and Orissa
(c) Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh
(d) Maharashtra and Karnataka
40. The only Software Technology Park is located in which one of the following north-eastern states.
(a) Himachal Pradesh
(b) Manipur
(c) Mizoram
(d) Assam
41. Iron and Steel industry requires Iron ore, coking coal and limestone in which of the following proportions ?
(a) 2 : 3 : 1
(b) 4 : 2 : 1
(c) 1 : 2 : 3
(d) 2 : 3 : 4
42. Which rank does India hold in terms of crude steel production in the world ?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Seventh
(d) Ninth
43. The per capita consumption of steel in India is
(a) 50 kg /Annum
(b) 40 kg / Annum
(c) 32 kg/Annum
(d) 20 kg/Annum
44. Which of the following states has more than one Iron and Steel plant ?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) West Bengal
(c) Qcissa
(d) Chhatisgarh
45. To which one of the following countries India has an easy access from Gujarat to export cement ?
(a) Gulf countries
(b) USA
(c) Russia
(d) European counties
46. Which one of the following is not a centre of Automobile industry ?
(a) Chennai
(b) Bengaluru
(c) Jamshedpur
(d) Coimbatore
ANSWERS
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Civics Democratic Politics Chapter 1 Power Sharing
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Water Resources
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
- CBSE Class 10 Notes & Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Resource and Development