CBSE Class 10 Notes Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
Here are some important notes for CBSE Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources:
- Forests are an essential part of our ecosystem and play a vital role in maintaining the ecological balance of our planet. They provide habitats for wildlife, regulate the climate, and help maintain the soil structure.
- India has diverse forest types ranging from tropical rainforests to alpine forests. According to the State of Forest Report 2019, the total forest cover in India is 21.67% of the total geographical area.
- Deforestation is the major cause of forest loss. It is mainly caused by human activities such as agriculture, mining, construction, and urbanization. Deforestation leads to soil erosion, loss of wildlife habitats, and climate change.
- The government of India has taken several steps to protect and conserve forests. It has established national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves for the protection of wildlife and their habitats.
- India is home to several endangered species such as the Bengal tiger, Asiatic lion, Indian rhinoceros, and Asian elephant. The government has implemented various conservation programs such as Project Tiger, Project Elephant, and Project Rhino for the protection of these species.
- Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a collaborative effort between the forest department and the local communities for the conservation and management of forests. It has been successful in reducing deforestation and improving the socio-economic condition of the local communities.
- Forests provide several important products such as timber, bamboo, and medicinal plants. Sustainable forest management practices are necessary to ensure the long-term availability of these products.
- Climate change is a major threat to the forests and wildlife of India. It leads to changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, which affect the growth of trees and the availability of food for wildlife.
- Forest fires are another major threat to the forests and wildlife of India. They are often caused by human activities such as smoking, cooking, and burning of agricultural residues. Forest fires lead to loss of biodiversity and soil erosion.
- It is important to create awareness among the general public about the importance of forests and wildlife conservation. Everyone can contribute to conservation efforts by practicing sustainable living, reducing the use of paper products, and avoiding the purchase of products made from endangered species.
CBSE Class 10 Important Questions Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
Here are some important questions for CBSE Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources:
- What are the different types of forests found in India?
- What is deforestation? What are its causes and effects?
- How can we conserve forests and wildlife in India? Explain the measures taken by the government for their conservation.
- What is Joint Forest Management (JFM)? How has it helped in the conservation of forests in India?
- What are the endangered species found in India? What steps have been taken for their conservation?
- How do forests play an important role in the water cycle?
- What is sustainable forest management? Why is it important?
- What are the major threats to forests and wildlife in India? How can we address these threats?
- What is the role of local communities in the conservation of forests and wildlife in India?
- How can we create awareness among people about the importance of forest and wildlife conservation? What steps can individuals take to contribute to conservation efforts?
Note: These questions are indicative and not exhaustive. Students are advised to consult their textbooks and teachers for more questions and their solutions.
CBSE Class 10 Important Questions Answers Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
Here are the answers to the important questions for CBSE Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources:
- The different types of forests found in India are tropical rainforests, tropical deciduous forests, temperate forests, alpine forests, and mangrove forests.
- Deforestation is the removal of forests and the conversion of forestland to other uses. The major causes of deforestation in India are agriculture, mining, construction, and urbanization. Deforestation leads to soil erosion, loss of wildlife habitats, and climate change.
- Forests and wildlife can be conserved in India by establishing protected areas such as national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves. The government has taken several measures for their conservation, such as Project Tiger, Project Elephant, and Project Rhino. Other measures include afforestation, Joint Forest Management (JFM), and sustainable forest management practices.
- Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a collaborative effort between the forest department and local communities for the conservation and management of forests. It has helped in the conservation of forests in India by reducing deforestation, promoting afforestation, and improving the socio-economic condition of local communities.
- The endangered species found in India include the Bengal tiger, Asiatic lion, Indian rhinoceros, Asian elephant, and many others. The government has implemented various conservation programs such as Project Tiger, Project Elephant, and Project Rhino for their protection.
- Forests play an important role in the water cycle by regulating the flow of water and maintaining the water table. They also prevent soil erosion, which helps in retaining water in the soil.
- Sustainable forest management is the practice of managing forests in a way that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is important to ensure the long-term availability of forest products such as timber, bamboo, and medicinal plants.
- The major threats to forests and wildlife in India are deforestation, climate change, forest fires, and human-wildlife conflict. These threats can be addressed through sustainable forest management practices, afforestation, and creating awareness among people about the importance of conservation.
- Local communities play an important role in the conservation of forests and wildlife in India. They are involved in Joint Forest Management (JFM) and help in protecting forests from illegal logging, poaching, and other threats.
- Awareness can be created among people about the importance of forest and wildlife conservation through education, campaigns, and media. Individuals can contribute to conservation efforts by practicing sustainable living, reducing the use of paper products, and avoiding the purchase of products made from endangered species.
CBSE Class 10 Important Questions Answers MCQs Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
Here are the MCQs with answers for CBSE Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources:
Which one of the following is not a type of forest found in India?
a) Tropical rainforests
b) Mangrove forests
c) Polar forests
d) Alpine forests
Answer: c) Polar forests
Deforestation is the removal of:
a) Grasslands
b) Mountains
c) Oceans
d) Forests
Answer: d) Forests
Which one of the following is a measure taken by the government for the conservation of forests and wildlife?
a) Mining
b) Urbanization
c) Afforestation
d) Deforestation
Answer: c) Afforestation
Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a collaborative effort between:
a) The forest department and local communities
b) The government and private companies
c) The army and the police
d) The judiciary and the legislature
Answer: a) The forest department and local communities
Which one of the following is an endangered species found in India?
a) African elephant
b) Siberian tiger
c) Polar bear
d) Indian rhinoceros
Answer: d) Indian rhinoceros
Forests play an important role in:
a) Regulating the flow of water
b) Increasing air pollution
c) Reducing soil erosion
d) All of the above
Answer: a) Regulating the flow of water
Sustainable forest management is the practice of managing forests in a way that:
a) Exploits all available resources
b) Meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
c) Ignores the socio-economic conditions of local communities
d) Increases deforestation
Answer: b) Meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Which one of the following is not a major threat to forests and wildlife in India?
a) Deforestation
b) Climate change
c) Forest fires
d) Human-wildlife friendship
Answer: d) Human-wildlife friendship
Local communities play an important role in the conservation of forests and wildlife in India by:
a) Participating in Joint Forest Management (JFM)
b) Encouraging deforestation
c) Supporting mining activities
d) Ignoring wildlife conservation
Answer: a) Participating in Joint Forest Management (JFM)
How can individuals contribute to forest and wildlife conservation efforts?
a) By using more paper products
b) By purchasing products made from endangered species
c) By practicing sustainable living
d) By ignoring conservation efforts
Answer: c) By practicing sustainable living
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources
Forest and Wildlife Resource NCERT Class 10 SST Geography NCERT Solutions
Question-1:
What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Solution:
Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, or on an entire planet. There are millions of living organisms on planet earth. All these living organisms, including man, are interdependent on each other.
Question-2
How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
Solution:
Cutting down of forests for agricultural expansion, large scale developmental projects, grazing and fuel wood collection and for urbanization has led to the depletion of flora and fauna.
Question-3
Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India?
Solution:
In India many traditional communities still live in the forests and depend on their livelihood for forest produce. These communities are working hand in hand with the government to conserve forests.
In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers fought against mining activities. In Alwar district of Rajasthan, local communities belonging to five villages have set their own rules and regulations in 1,200 hectares of forest land. They have named it as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’. Hunting is not allowed in these lands and outside encroachments are prohibited.
The famous Chipko movement was started in the Himalayan region to stop deforestation. People belonging to the local community took to afforestation in a big way. Indigenous species were cultivated and protected.
Involving local communities in protecting the environment, and stopping degradation of forests has reaped many benefits.
Question-4
Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Solution:
In 1972, the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented. It made protecting specific habitats a law. A list of wildlife species that had to be protected was published and hunting these animals was against the law.
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries were set up in many states to protect endangered species.
Under the Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several insects have also been included in the list of protected species. Butterflies, moths, beetles, dragonflies and even certain plants are included in the protected list.
“Project Tiger” was initiated in 1973 by the government of India to protect tigers. It is one of the most well publicized wildlife campaigns in the world.
Multiple Choice Questions
Previous Years’ Questions
1. Which one of the following .s not considered a sacred tree in India [CBSE (CCE) 2011]
(a) Peepal
(b) Neem
(c) Banyan
(d) Mango
2. What was the aim of Chipko movement ? [CBSE (CCE) 2011]
(a) Human rights
(b) Political rights
(c) Agricultural expansion
(d) Forest conservation
3. Which one of the following is an example of endemic species ? [CBSE (CCE) 2011]
(a) Nicobar Pigeon
(b) Asiatic Buffalo
(c) Horn Bill
(d) Black buck
NCERT Questions
4. Which of these statements is not a valid reason for depletion of flora and fauna ?
(a) Agricultural expansion.
(b) Large scale developmental projects.
(c) Grazing and fuelwood collection.
(d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation.
5. Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation.
(a) Joint Forest Management
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Chipko Movement
(d) Demarcation of Wildlife Sanctuaries
Additional Questions
6. The total forest cover in the country is about …………….
(a) 18.1%
(b) 22.1%
(c) 19.3%
(d) 11.5%
7. Most of the forests in the North eastern states belong to the category of …………..
(a) Wastelands
(b) Protected forests
(c) Unclassed forests
(d) Mangroves
8. Endemic species refers to
(a) Species which are extinct.
(b) Species which are declining.
(c) Species which are confined to specific areas only.
(d) Species which are normal.
9. Periyar Tiger reserve is located in
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Kerala
10. ‘Chipko movement’ is a programme started towards conservation of …………….
(a) Soil
(b) Water
(c) Minerals
(d) Forests
11. IUCN refers to
(a) International Understanding and Convention of Nature
(b) International Unity and Conservation of Nature
(c) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
(d) Indian Union for Conservation of Natural Beauty
12. Forests play a key role in the ecological system because
(a) it supports a large number of animals
(b) they are important for tourism.
(c) they are the primary producers on which all other living things depend.
(d) they provide us with many useful things.
13. The area of forest converted into agricultural land between 1951 to 1980 is about
(a) 25,000 sq. km.
(b) 20,000 sq. km.
(c) 23,000 sq. km.
(d) 26,200 sq. km.
14. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal has been threatened about the loss of habitat of many species due to
(a) Industrial development
(b) Agricultural expansion
(c) Port activities
(d) Mining
15. Which group of people in India are responsible for maximum ecological destruction ?
(a) richest 5 percent
(b) poorest 25 percent
(c) tribal communities
(d) slum dwellers
16. Indian Wildlife Protection Act was implemented mainly to
(a) protect certain animals.
(b) protect the remaining population of certain endangered species.
(c) protect the tigers.
(d) protect aquatic animals.
17. The hunting and trade of which animals have been given full or partial legal protection in India ?
(a) Indian lion
(b) Indian elephant
(c) Black buck (Chinkara)
(d) Great Indian bustard (Godawan)
18. In India, forest and wildlife resources are owned and managed by
(a) Private individuals
(b) Communities
(c) The Government
(d) Others
19. Reserved forests refers to
(a) Forests protected from further depletion
(b) Forests meant for their valuable timber and other forest produce
(c) Conservation of some species
(d) Conservation of animals
20. The forests belonging to both government and private individuals and communities are called …………..
(a) Protected Forests
(b) Open Forests
(c) Unclassed Forests
(d) Reserved Forests
21. The Mundas and Santhals of Chhota Nagpur region worship which one of the following trees ?
(a) Mahua
(b) Mango
(c) Peepal
(d) Tamarind
22. Which one of the following is a farmers movement initiated in Tehri ?
(a) Tehri Andolan
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Appease Movement
(d) Green Revolution
23. The main objective of Joint Forest Management programme is
(a) involving local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.
(b) involving rich people in conservation of forests.
(c) involving backward communities to conserve wildlife.
(d) involving the farmers to plant trees.
24. What is the name given to the forests of God and Goddesses?
(a) Sacred Garden
(b) Sacred Groves
(c) Sacred Park
(d) Sacred Orchards
25. Which one of the following statements is not true with regard to depletion of flora and fauna ?
(a) Land required for housing
(b) Agricultural expansion
(c) Mining activities
(d) Shifting agriculture
26. Which one of the following is not a reason for environmental destruction ?
(a) Global warming
(b) Unequal access
(c) Over population
(d) Inequitable consumption of resources
27. The biological loss is strongly correlated with the loss of cultural diversity because
(a) it has impoverished many indigenous and forest dependent communities.
(b) it has caused serious health problems for women.
(c) it has aggravated many natural hazards that affected the poor.
(d) All of the above
28. Which Wildlife Protection Act has included for the first time the list of protected species of plants ?
(a) Wildlife Protection Act of 1980
(b) Wildlife Protection Act of 1986
(c) Wildlife Protection Act of 1991
(d) Wildlife Protection Act of 1995
29. What is the position of India in the world in terms of bio-diversity ?
(a) First
(b) Fifth
(c) Tenth
(d) Twelve
30. The present forest cover of India in terms of the total geographical area is
(a) 18 per cent
(b) 19.39 per cent
(c) 22 per cent
(d) 15 per cent
31. In which of the following states has the Joint Forests Management started ?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Orissa
(c) Himachal Pradesh
(d) Arunachal Pradesh
32. Flora refers to
(a) Animal kingdom
(b) Plant kingdom
(c) Insects
(d) Flowers
33. Immensely rich in wildlife and cultivated species, diverse in form and function but closely integrated in a system is called
(a) Bioreserve
(b) Diversity
(c) Biodiversity
(d) Biome
34. The total number of plant species in India is
(a) 49000
(b) 47000
(c) 45000
(d) 81000
35. The total number of animal species in India is
(a) 81000
(b) 89000
(c) 98000
(d) 18000
36. Species which are in danger of extinction are called ……………..
(a) Endemic Species
(b) Extinct Species
(c) Vulnerable Species
(d) Endangered Species
37. Species which are no longer found on the earth are called
(a) Normal Species
(b) Vulnerable Species
(c) Rare Species
(d) Extinct Species
38. Which one of the river valley projects has significantly contributed to the loss of forests ?
(a) Nagarjuna Sagar
(b) Narmada Sagar
(c) Nizam Sagar
(d) Rana Pratap Sagar
39. Which state of India has the maximum area under reserved forests ?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Arunachal Pradesh
(d) Himachal Pradesh
40. The state having highest percentage of protected forests is
(a) Punjab
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Jammu and Kashmir
41. Project Tiger was launched in the year
(a) 1980
(b) 1973
(c) 1974
(d) 1975
42. In which of the following states is the Corbett National Park
(a) West Bengal
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Uttaranchal
(d) Madhya Pradesh
ANSWERS
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